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如何靓化英语写作中的句子?

作者:lei    素材来源:本站原创    点击数:    更新时间:2015/6/26

 

 


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要想写出漂亮的文章,必须从写好句子着手。而写好句子,必须熟悉英语句式的特点。还有知道英语句子和汉语句子之间的差别。汉语句子讲究简洁、明了。在外形上可以比作一根竹子,每个句子就是其中的一节。而英语句子重视句子与句子之间的逻辑关系。在外形上可以比作一串葡萄,一根主干加上很多的分支。要写出地道的英语句子,就要遵循英语构句的原则。


1.把句子中的表语转换为不同的修饰语。例如:

Weak: Tom’s father is a worker. He works in a factory.

Better: Tom’s father, a worker, works in a factory.


2.将作表语用的形容词或名词变为行为动词。例如:

Weak: The team members are good players.

Better: The team members play well.


3. 在以“here”或“there”开头的句子中,把“be”动词后的名词代词变成改写句的主语。例如:

Weak: Here are the books you ordered.

Better: The books you ordered have arrived.


4.用并列连词(and, but, or等)或分号(;)把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。例如:

Weak: You help him. He helps you.

Better: You help him and he helps you. 或You help him; he helps you.


5.用介词替代动词。介词表示状态,with, without, against, for 都可以取代汉语中相应的动词。如:

Weak: China is a large country. It has long history.

Better: China is a large country with long history.


6. 用介词替代从句。如:

Weak: When you come to the second traffic, turn right.

Better: At the second traffic light turn right.


7.用定语从句合并两个简单句子。

Weak: He bought a pen yesterday. It doesn’t work well.

Better: The pen he bought yesterday doesn’t work well.


8.用关联词合并两个简单句。

Weak: He enjoys playing football. He also enjoys playing basketball.

Better: He enjoys not only playing football but also basketball.

类似的关联词有:both…and…; neither…nor…; either…or…


9.改变句子的语态。汉语重视主动句,而英语重视被动句。

Weak: He has made much progress in his English.

Better: Much progress has been made in his English.


10.使用短语替代动词。在句子中使用短语能为文章增添色彩。

Weak: Our city has changed a lot in the past five years.

Better: Great changes have taken place in the past five years in our city.

改变后的句子用短语take place 代替的了change,并且将主动语态改为被动语态。


11.使用不定式。不定式表示即将发生的动作。

Weak: We will discuss this problem at the meeting that will be held tomorrow.

Better: We will discuss this problem at the meeting to be held tomorrow.

改变后的句子将原句中的定语从句that will be held 改为了to be held。简化了原句,同时也让体现了句子层次性,逻辑性的特点。


12.使用分词。动词的分词有两种:过去分词和现在分词。过去分词表示主动,现在分词表示被动。

Weak: She walked out of the lab and many students followed her.

Better: She walked out of the lad followed by many students.


13.恰当使用逗号,充分发挥标点符号的语法功能。

句号表示一句话内容的终结,而逗号表示一个暂时的停顿,这句话的内容还没有完成。如:It has some fantastic sights, including the Eiffel Tower and Note Dame Cathedral, one of the most famous churches in the world.这个句子中使用了两个逗号,第一个逗号后面使用了动词ing形式,表示状态。第二个逗号后面是一个介词短语,对前面的名词进行解释说明。


 
 
 
 


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